摘要：英语词汇学2008年7月真题试题及答案解析（00832），本试卷共61个小题，总共100分。

英语词汇学2008年7月真题试题及答案解析（00832）

英语词汇学2008年7月真题试题及答案解析（00832），本试卷共61个小题，总共100分。

一、单项选择题

Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)

1. Which of the following words does NOT belong to terminology?

A.Penicillin.B.AlgebrA.C.Symphony.D.Knife.

2. In the sentence “I like to see a movie.”, there are ________ functional words.

A.2B.3C.4D.5

3. Of the characteristics listed for the basic word stock, the most important is ________.

A.all national characterB.productivityC.polysemyD.collocability

4. Social, economic and political changes bring about such new words as the following EXCEPT ________.

A.fast foodB.TV dinnerC.tahiniD.Watergate

5. The prehistoric ________ parent language is thought to be a highly inflected language, which English originated from.

A.PrussianB.Indo-EuropeanC.CzechD.Russian

6. The surviving languages accordingly fall into eight principal groups, which can be grouped into the ________ set and the Western set.

A.EasternB.AfricanC.AmericanD.Northern

7. The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /z/ after the following sounds EXCEPT ________.

A./z/B./g/C./d/D./b/

8. The word “recollection” comprises ________ morphemes.

A.1B.2C.3D.4

9. The following words have inflectional affixes EXCEPT ________.

A.worksB.workerC.workingD.worked

10. “Dis-” in the word “disloyal” is a ________ prefix.

A.negativeB.reversativeC.pejorativeD.locative

11. The word “AIDS” is a(n) ________.

A.initialismB.acronymC.derivativeD.compound

12. The word “smog” is created by blending, with the structure of ________.

A.head + tailB.head + headC.head + wordD.word + tail

13. So far as stylistic meaning is concerned, “residence” is ________.

A.neutralB.informalC.colloquialD.formal

14. Words which are used to show the attitude of approval are ________.

A.appreciativeB.pejorativeC.connotativeD.collocative

15. “Pavement” in British English and “sidewalk” in American English have the same ________.

A.motivationB.collocationC.senseD.connotation

16. A common feature peculiar to all natural languages is ________.

A.homonymyB.hyponymyC.monosemyD.polysemy

17. In both CCELD and LDCE, the most frequently used meaning of the word “gay” is ________.

A.joyous and lively, merry, happyB.homosexualC.given to social life and pleasureD.bright, brilliant

18. All the following words can be used as an antonym to the word “clear” EXCEPT ________.

A.dirtyB.fussyC.guiltyD.ambiguous

19. The change of word meaning is brought about by the following internal factors EXCEPT ________.

A.influx of borrowingB.analogyC.psychological factorsD.shortening

20. A good example of ________ is the word “manuscript”, which now means “writing by hand or typed with a type-writer or a word-processor”, but its original meaning was “handwriting” only.

A.degradationB.elevationC.narrowingD.extension

21. In the sentence “Never run towards a dangerous animal.”, the word “dangerous” is used in the ________ sense of transfer. ( )

A.subjectiveB.objectiveC.sensationalD.physical

22. The sentence “They saw her duck.” is ambiguous due to ________.

A.grammatical contextB.lexical contextC.antonymyD.hyponymy

23. The following are types of context EXCEPT ________.

A.linguistic contextB.non-linguistic contextC.syntactical contextD.extra-linguistic context

24. In the sentence “The village had most of the usual amenities: a pub, a library, a post office, a village hall, a medical centre, and a school.” The meaning of amenity can be inferred from the clue of ________.

A.relevant detailsB.word structureC.antonymyD.hyponymy

25. The idiom “hustle and bustle” is a ________ as far as rhetorical features of idioms are concerned.

A.simileB.repetitionC.reiterationD.personification

26. Sentence idioms embrace the following sentence types EXCEPT ________.

A.declarative sentenceB.interrogative sentenceC.imperative sentenceD.simple sentence

27. “Beyond the pale” is an idiom ________ in nature.

A.verbalB.nominalC.adjectivalD.adverbial

28. The following are the types of dictionary EXCEPT ________.

A.monolingual dictionaries and bilingual dictionariesB.linguistic and encyclopedic dictionariesC.specialized dictionariesD.Chinese and English dictionaries

29. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 3rd Edition (1980) is a(n) ________ dictionary.

A.specializedB.deskC.pocketD.encyclopedic

30. Usage notes of the dictionary explain the following aspects EXCEPT ________.

A.literal meanings of the wordsB.difficult points of grammar and styleC.important British and American differencesD.slight differences between words of similar meanings

二、匹配题

Match the words in Column A with the words in Column B according to 1) types of vocabulary by notion; 2) sources of synonyms; 3) types of motivation; and 4) types of transfer. (10%)

11.B(A) laconic meaning “brief” or “short”(B) the foot of the mountain(C)squeak/hiss(D) You should address your remarks to the chair.(E) charm/glamour(F) black market/greenhorn(G) occupation/walk of life(H) fire/flame/conflagration(I) This teaching assistant is an efficient help.(J) cloud/yellowA morphological motivation

12. associated transfer

13. borrowing

14. etymological motivation

15. notional words

16. abstract to concrete

17. semantic motivation

18. figurative use

19. regional English

110. onomatopoeic motivation

三、填空题

Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)

21. As defined in terms of spoken language, a word is viewed as a sound or ________ of sounds which are made voluntarily with human vocal equipment.

22. Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: creation, ________ and borrowing.

23. The ________ is the smallest functioning unit in the composition of words.

24. Suffixation generally changes the grammatical function or word ________ of stems of words.

25. ________ indicates the speaker’s attitude towards the person or thing in question.

26. Relative synonyms or ________ are similar or nearly the same in denotation, but embrace different shades of meaning or different degrees of a given quality.

27. There are generally ________ major factors that cause changes in meaning.

28. Physical situation or environment relating to the use of words is called ________ or non-linguistic context.

29. Unlike free phrases, the structure of an idiom is to a large extent ________.

210. Three good general dictionaries are LDCE, CCELD and ________.

四、名词解释

Define the following terms. (10%)

31. bound root

32. Prefixation

33. Pejoration

34. Homophone

35. grammatical context

五、简答题

Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (20%)

41. What are the types of morphemes?

42. What is conceptual meaning of a word? Give an example to illustrate your point.

43.Decide whether the following statement is true or false, based on your understanding of the changes in word meaning. State your reason with one example.Elevation or amelioration refers to the process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance.

44. What is semantic unity of idioms? Explain it with one example.

六、分析题

Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (20%)

51.Comment on the following 2 groups of words or sentences to illustrate the semantic features and grammatical features of compounds.Group 1: “red meat/hot dog”Group 2: “He bad-mouthed me. / major generals”

52.Analyze and comment on the following two pairs of sentences in terms of superordinates and subordinates:[a]Trees surround the water near our summer place.[b]Old elms surround the lake near our summer cabin.[a]I met a writer who is the relation of a politician.[b]I met a newspaper reporter who is the brother of Senator Buckley.